Linux Kernel 2.6 : Seminar Report and PPT
INTRODUCTION
What is a kernel ? A
set of code which directly interacts with hardware and allocate and manages resources
such as CPU time, memory and I/O access .Kernel also contain system calls which
provide specific functions. HISTORY
The Linux kernel project was started in 1991 by Linus Torvalds as a Minix-like
Operating System for his 386. (Linus had originally wanted to name the project
Freax, but the now-familiar name is the one that stuck.) The first official release
of Linux 1.0 was in March 1994, but it supported only single-processor i386 machines.
Just a year later, Linux 1.2 was released (March 1995) and was the first version
with support for different hardware platforms (specifically: Alpha, Sparc, and
Mips), but still only single-processor models. Linux 2.0 arrived in June of 1996
and also included support for a number of new architectures, but more importantly
brought Linux into the world of multi-processor machines (SMP). After 2.0, subsequent
major releases have been somewhat slower in coming (Linux 2.2 in January 1999
and 2.4 in January 2001), each revision expanding Linux's support for new hardware
and system types as well as boosting scalability. (Linux 2.4 was also notable
in being the release that really broke Linux into the desktop space with kernel
support for ISA Plug-and-Play, USB, PC Card support, and other additions.) Linux
2.6, released 12/17/03, stands not only to build on these features, but also to
be another "major leap" with improved support for both significantly
larger systems and significantly smaller ones (PDAs and other devices.) KERNEL
2.6 FEATURES Features
in kernel 2.6 "
Scalability " Preemptible kernel " New scheduling algorithm "
Improved threading model " Hyperthreading " Module subsystem and
device model " System hardware support " Block device support "
INPUT/OUTPUT support " Audio and multimedia HARDWARE
SUPPORT
As
Linux has moved forward over the years and into the mainstream, each new iteration
of the kernel appeared to be leaps and bounds better than the previous in terms
of what types of devices it could support-- both in terms of emerging technologies
(USB in 2.4) and older "legacy" technologies (MCA in 2.2). As we arrive
at the 2.6 however, the number of major devices that Linux does not support is
relatively small. There are few, if any, major branches of the PC hardware universe
yet to conquer. It is for that reason that most (but certainly not all) of improvements
in i386 hardware support have been to add robustness rather than new features
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